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What is Inmarsat Fleet F77?
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Inmarsat Fleet is the first new dedicated Inmarsat Maritime communications system since 1993, providing ocean going vessels with comprehensive global voice, data and fax communications. As with Inmarsat A and B, the service also provides voice distress and safety communications – with Inmarsat Fleet F77 now meeting the latest relevant IMO GMDSS requirements. Inmarsat Fleet F77 is the first service in the Fleet family. Fleet terminals offer voice and data services in the Maritime sector. Details of further services within the Fleet family, each aimed at specific sectors of the Maritime industry, will be announced by Inmarsat during 2002.
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What is the target market for Inmarsat Fleet F77?
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The number “77” relates to the approximate diameter of the antenna ( i.e.70-85cm). This places the Fleet F77 in the larger, deep-sea vessels market served until now by Inmarsat A and B. The first Fleet family member, F77, is the premier service in this portfolio – as with Inmarsat A and B, the service includes Global maritime coverage, differentiating from other services such as Mini-M.
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When will the service be available?
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This service is now fully commercially available. The Inmarsat Fleet F77 CD and Fleet website (www.inmarsat.com/fleet) provide further information on LESOs and Manufacturers providing services or hardware.
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What benefits will Inmarsat Fleet Marine Satellite service give me?
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- Cost effective communications
- Flexible access to new shipboard applications
- Choice of appropriate channels (MPDS / ISDN).
- Faster access to data and communications up to 64K through ISDN o Improved safety
- Meets Voice, distress and safety requirements for new satellite systems within the GMDSS.
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How fast is ISDN over Inmarsat Fleet F77 and Fleet 55?
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Inmarsat Fleet F77 ISDN provides a 64Kbps link (‘Euro ISDN’). N.B. As with any such connection, the actual speed of delivery depends on the slowest link between the user and the distant end, and the application used, which may deliver less than 64Kbps. AND, for Fleet 77 users, there is an upgrade to 128Kbps service available.
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How fast is MPDS over Inmarsat Fleet F55 and F77?
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The MPDS channel is designed for on-line connectivity where a high-speed connection is not a key requirement. As with the Global Area Network service, this service is provided initially at an undefined bit-rate. Speed therefore depends on the number of users accessing the bearer at any one time. As and when required, the network will release new channels for usage, dependent on demand levels. As billing is no longer time-related, this is purely a user experience issue.
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What hardware do I need?
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In addition to the Fleet F77 terminal itself (e.g. Antenna, Below Decks Equipment) – the Fleet F77 terminal requires a standard Windows compatible PC, ideally running Windows 98 or later, in order to carry out any Data/e-mail functions. A standard printer should be considered a necessity, and a scanner is recommended. o In order to take advantage of faster, more cost effective Group4 Fax functionality, a Group4 (64K) Fax machine is recommended both on the vessel, and in the Operator’s office. A standard Group 3 Fax machine can also be easily connected, but will not take advantage of the bandwidth / service available. Low speed fax (2.4K) is also available as an option – verify availability from your hardware provider.
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What are the Voice options available with Inmarsat Fleet?
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Inmarsat Fleet F77 is equipped with the widely successful Mini-M voice Codec, but of course providing a global service. o Very high quality (3.1Khz) voice also available on a separate channel but not widely required in practice in the Maritime market.
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What applications can I use over Inmarsat Fleet F77?
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Typical relevant maritime applications are listed as follows: o On-line purchasing o On-Line weather updates o Immediate e-mail transfer o Handheld Text messaging o Instant Messaging via I.P. o Telemetry (e.g. reefer monitoring)
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Does Fleet F77 meet all my GMDSS requirements?
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No, only the voice element of GMDSS under IMO resolution A888(21). Inmarsat Fleet F77 provides the same voice distress and safety functionality area previously addressed by Inmarsat A and B, but revised according to the latest requirements. It does not change or reduce the requirements already in place for Inmarsat C within the GMDSS. For full details, see: www.inmarsat.com/safety
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What is 4-stage Pre-emption and Prioritisation?
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This entails the ability of the terminal to “pre-empt” or override any existing communications, data or voice, which are classified at a lower priority, and is specified within IMO resolution A888(21) referenced above. Distress and safety calls are categorised on the basis of 4 distinct priorities, enabling the higher priority call to connect. In this way, an inbound or outbound distress voice call is able to override lower priority communications.
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Which is cheaper, ISDN or MPDS?
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This depends on the usage of your channel by your software applications. MPDS is suitable for short-burst communications such as short e-mails, typical Web-browsing sessions, whereas ISDN is suitable for heavier channel usage, such as video (relevant in Maritime in Tele-medicine), file transfer or batch e-mail.
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Protocol:
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A defined set of communications standards which lay down the parameters to which all users must abide. Protocols in general use are X.25 and X.400.
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SIM (Subscriber Identity Module) card:
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Used with Inmarsat mini-M, SIM cards are easily installed and removed, allowing one terminal to be used by multiple users without having complex billing arrangements.
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Spot beam:
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A concentrated area offering coverage within the global footprint for particular regions in the world.
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TCP / IP (Transmission control protocol / Internet protocol):
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The set of protocols used to communicate via the Internet and between multiple networks.
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What does GGSN Stand for?
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Gateway GPRS Support Node. (GPRS stands for General Packet Radio Services) . A GPRS Core Network provides mobility management, session management and transport for Internet Protocol packet services in GSM and WCDMA networks. The core network also provides support for other additional functions such as billing and lawful interception. It was also proposed, at one stage, to support packet radio services in the US D-AMPS TDMA system, however, in practice, most of these networks are being converted to GSM so this option is becoming largely irrelevant.
Like GSM in general, GPRS is an open standards driven system and the standardization body is the 3GPP
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What does GGSN Stand for?
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Gateway GPRS Support Node. (GPRS stands for General Packet Radio Services) . A GPRS Core Network provides mobility management, session management and transport for Internet Protocol packet services in GSM and WCDMA networks. The core network also provides support for other additional functions such as billing and lawful interception. It was also proposed, at one stage, to support packet radio services in the US D-AMPS TDMA system, however, in practice, most of these networks are being converted to GSM so this option is becoming largely irrelevant.
Like GSM in general, GPRS is an open standards driven system and the standardization body is the 3GPP
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What is a SGSN
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A Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN) It is responsible for the delivery of data packets from and to the mobile stations within its geographical service area. Its tasks include packet routing and transfer, mobility management (attach/detach and location management), logical link management, and authentication and charging functions. The location register of the SGSN stores location information (e.g., current cell, current VLR) and user profiles (e.g., IMSI, address(es) used in the packet data network) of all GPRS users registered with this SGSN.
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Inmarsat Fleet Broadband versus Maritime Vsat Comparison
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Inmarsat FB
Latest Technology |
VSAT
Based on legacy technology |
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Satellite Frequency Band
• Operates in L-band |
• Generally operates in Ku-band or C band (also solutions in Ka band) |
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Physical Spectrum benefits
• Not affected by weather – can operate with 100% reliability
• L-band chosen as optimum frequency for GMDSS over satellite
• No interference or inter-modulation issues around coastal regions
• Wider pointing aperture and hence greater tolerance regarding pointing, especially in extreme conditions. |
• Affected by weather – rain fade issues
• Not suitable or approved for GMDSS
• Potential C band mute areas around coastal regions (e.g. US and Brazil) due to potential interference with other technologies e.g. wimax, Wireless Broadband.
• Highly accurate pointing required due to ‘Very Small Aperture Technology’. And hence, highly specialised and precise engineering is required. Higher costs and potential point of failure. |
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Coverage
• Global coverage – seamless global roaming through one provider
• Next generation constellation of I-4s complete |
• Ku band- regional or multi-regional only through the cobbling of multiple providers. ‘Patch-work’ coverage, with the promise of expansion in the future. Coverage often based on remains of TV broadcast channels and Land based VSAT.
• C band is global.
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Economics and business continuity
• Inmarsat has a fully deployed and fully funded next generation constellation with lifetime beyond 2020
• AlphaSat Program in progress
• Double digit growth
• Almost 30 year track record in MSS technologies
• #1 in MSS business
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• Reliant on multiple networks providers and hence, multiple points of business vulnerability
• Securing funding for additional coverage will be difficult in an extreme economic downturn.
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Satellite ADU Equipment
• Between 5-16kg depending on model
• Small and lightweight
• Fast installation with no operational impact (half day)
• Can be carried easily by hand
• Simple mounting requirements
• No major structural changes required
• Does not need to be in dry dock for installation
• Highly reliable |
• Depending on antenna size, global C-band reach weights approaching a tonne
• C-band Antenna sizes can each 3.7m diameter –large and bulky
• Require cranes and/or helicopters to mount
• Complex and time consuming restructuring, strengthening and hot work required for C-band installation
• Ku approx. down to 60cm, but only regional
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Equipment & Installation Costs
• Very Low capital costs for satellite equipment and low installation costs
• No impact on operations |
• C-band- High capital costs. This becomes more relevant as CAPEX is squeezed
• High installation costs |
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Bandwidth
Bandwidth of up to 432 kbps
Highly sophisticated and efficient spectrum re-use and resourcing
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Bandwidth
Bandwidth from 64kbps to 2Mbps + downlink (shared or dedicated)/(global or roaming) |
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Pricing
• Only pay for WHEN and WHAT you use
• Flexible pricing packages
• New 5GB package for Fleets between 10-100
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Typically requires a long term contract commitment
Flat rate, but with caveat of ‘Fair Use Policy’
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Other
Extensive Value Adds and tailor made applications |
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CME Error Code List
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| Error |
Description |
| CME ERROR: 0 |
Phone failure |
| CME ERROR: 1 |
No connection to phone |
| CME ERROR: 2 |
Phone adapter link reserved |
| CME ERROR: 3 |
Operation not allowed |
| CME ERROR: 4 |
Operation not supported |
| CME ERROR: 5 |
PH_SIM PIN required |
| CME ERROR: 6 |
PH_FSIM PIN required |
| CME ERROR: 7 |
PH_FSIM PUK required |
| CME ERROR: 10 |
SIM not inserted |
| CME ERROR: 11 |
SIM PIN required |
| CME ERROR: 12 |
SIM PUK required |
| CME ERROR: 13 |
SIM failure |
| CME ERROR: 14 |
SIM busy |
| CME ERROR: 15 |
SIM wrong |
| CME ERROR: 16 |
Incorrect password |
| CME ERROR: 17 |
SIM PIN2 required |
| CME ERROR: 18 |
SIM PUK2 required |
| CME ERROR: 20 |
Memory full |
| CME ERROR: 21 |
Invalid index |
| CME ERROR: 22 |
Not found |
| CME ERROR: 23 |
Memory failure |
| CME ERROR: 24 |
Text string too long |
| CME ERROR: 25 |
Invalid characters in text string |
| CME ERROR: 26 |
Dial string too long |
| CME ERROR: 27 |
Invalid characters in dial string |
| CME ERROR: 30 |
No network service |
| CME ERROR: 31 |
Network timeout |
| CME ERROR: 32 |
Network not allowed, emergency calls only |
| CME ERROR: 40 |
Network personalization PIN required |
| CME ERROR: 41 |
Network personalization PUK required |
| CME ERROR: 42 |
Network subset personalization PIN required |
| CME ERROR: 43 |
Network subset personalization PUK required |
| CME ERROR: 44 |
Service provider personalization PIN required |
| CME ERROR: 45 |
Service provider personalization PUK required |
| CME ERROR: 46 |
Corporate personalization PIN required |
| CME ERROR: 47 |
Corporate personalization PUK required |
| CME ERROR: 48 |
PH-SIM PUK required |
| CME ERROR: 100 |
Unknown error |
| CME ERROR: 103 |
Illegal MS |
| CME ERROR: 106 |
Illegal ME |
| CME ERROR: 107 |
GPRS services not allowed |
| CME ERROR: 111 |
PLMN not allowed |
| CME ERROR: 112 |
Location area not allowed |
| CME ERROR: 113 |
Roaming not allowed in this location area |
| CME ERROR: 126 |
Operation temporary not allowed |
| CME ERROR: 132 |
Service operation not supported |
| CME ERROR: 133 |
Requested service option not subscribed |
| CME ERROR: 134 |
Service option temporary out of order |
| CME ERROR: 148 |
Unspecified GPRS error |
| CME ERROR: 149 |
PDP authentication failure |
| CME ERROR: 150 |
Invalid mobile class |
| CME ERROR: 256 |
Operation temporarily not allowed |
| CME ERROR: 257 |
Call barred |
| CME ERROR: 258 |
Phone is busy |
| CME ERROR: 259 |
User abort |
| CME ERROR: 260 |
Invalid dial string |
| CME ERROR: 261 |
SS not executed |
| CME ERROR: 262 |
SIM Blocked |
| CME ERROR: 263 |
Invalid block |
| CME ERROR: 772 |
SIM powered down |
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